80 percent of patients with non-ischemic heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction have autoantibodies against β1-adrenoceptos (β1-AAB), which cause and/or sustain HF. The removal of β1-AAB by immunoadsorption (IA)… Click to show full abstract
80 percent of patients with non-ischemic heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction have autoantibodies against β1-adrenoceptos (β1-AAB), which cause and/or sustain HF. The removal of β1-AAB by immunoadsorption (IA) leads to an improvement of cardiac function and significantly reduced
               
Click one of the above tabs to view related content.