LAUSR

We inferred the annual isotopic diet (δ13C) of an individual of the giant ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi found in Toca dos Ossos (Ourolândia, Bahia, Brazil) through the extension of its third inferior molar. This individual lived in the region at 40,779–39,617cal yr BP. One year of its life was recorded in a length of 67 mm in the tooth. Two years were recorded in this molariform, during which the diet and climate did not change much, and substantial precipitation occurred during the middle of the year, which is in opposition to the modern pattern. The mean carbon (μδ13C = −13.9 ± 1.8‰) and oxygen (μδ18O = 22.5 ± 2.9‰) isotopic values were similar to values for other individuals of the species found in the same cave but different from the values found in other localities of the Brazilian Intertropical Region, which allows us to suggest that this region had more precipitation and lower temperatures in comparison to today. The oxygen isotopic values found in dated fossils of E. laurillardi and from two other taxa found in the same cave (Toxodon platensis, and Notiomastodon platensis) could help in the understanding of the climatic variation that occurred in the region.