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ure: what happens when connectedness and cosmopolitanism lead to epidemiological emergency, as was historically the case with medieval plague. His essay ends with an admission of a professional sort of environmental failure: “a failure of my own will to untie my research from the comfortable moorings of history and bring it to bear on the crises of the present” (191). Although Nardizzi and Werth coordinate the collection around couplings, the result is far less tidy. Much crosstalk occurs among the authors as the essays touch and then depart from one another, often careening in disparate yet equally fascinating directions. The editors see the book as a transit map, “a conversation from different hubs,” and an exercise in translation across geotemporal locales (10). Premodern Ecologies is a significant contribution to medieval and Renaissance ecocriticism but is, above all, a muchneeded provocation to reimagining the ways we teach, conduct research, and inhabit our “multiculture and multispecies communities” as planetary citizens (287).