It is often assumed that some signals (e.g., backscatter, continuum) emitted from electron solid interactions can be extrapolated from pure element observations to compounds by means of the assumption of… Click to show full abstract
It is often assumed that some signals (e.g., backscatter, continuum) emitted from electron solid interactions can be extrapolated from pure element observations to compounds by means of the assumption of average atomic number, or Z-bar (?̅?) as it is often commonly known referred to. Typically the average Z of a compound is assumed to be the sum of the mass fractions of the atomic numbers in the composition as seen here:
               
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