The liquid-solid interface plays an essential role in many phenomena encountered in biological, chemical, and physical processes relevant to both fundamental and applied science [1]. However, hydrated materials, or more… Click to show full abstract
The liquid-solid interface plays an essential role in many phenomena encountered in biological, chemical, and physical processes relevant to both fundamental and applied science [1]. However, hydrated materials, or more generally liquids, present a technical challenge for high-resolution microscopy as they are generally incompatible with a broad range of analytical tools that require high to ultrahigh vacuum conditions. One strategy to preserve and probe the liquid-solid interface is to cryogenically solidify the liquid [2]. By doing so, the surface composition and morphology, as well as local ionic chemical gradients, can be preserved within the solid liquid structure, making it more amendable to vacuum-based highresolution analyses of environmentally sensitive materials.
               
Click one of the above tabs to view related content.