LAUSR

Endocannabinoids modulate insulin and adipokine expression in adipocytes through cannabinoid receptors and their levels are elevated during hyperglycemia and obesity, but little is known about how diets affect them. We assessed the effects of dietary casein, chicken, beef and pork proteins in a high fat diet mode, on endocannabinoids, adipogenesis and biomarkers associated with dyslipemdia. A high fat beef or chicken diet upregulated cannabinoid 1 receptor,N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-selective phospholipase-D and diacylglycerol lipaseα in adipose tissue, and reduced the immunoreactivity of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue. In addition, the high fat diets with beef and chicken protein had a significant impact on adipocyte differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis in obese mice. A 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that high fat diets, regardless of protein source, significantly enhanced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in colon. Meat proteins in a high fat diet significantly decreased the relative abundances of Akkermansia and Bifidobacteria but enhanced lipopolysaccharides level in the serum, which promoted the adipogenesis process by causing dysregulation in the endocannabinoid receptors. Consumption of meat protein with high fat induced adiposity, visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, reduced the thermogenesis, and had a distinctive effect on the mitochondrial biogenesis compared to casein protein.