LAUSR

TiO2 nanorod (NR) array for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attached great importance due to superb power conversion efficiency (PCE) compared to traditional mesoporous TiO2 film. A TiO2 compact layer for the growth of TiO2 NR array via spin-coating cannot meet the requirements for efficient NR based PSCs. Herein we have developed and demonstrated inserting an bifunctional extra-thin TiO2 interlayer (5 nm) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at the interface of FTO/TiO2 compact layer to achieve an alleviated electron exchange and a reduced energetic barrier. Thus, an accelerated extraction of electrons from TiO2 NR arrays via the compact layer to FTO substrate is ready for improving the PSC efficiency. The thickness of the spin-coated TiO2 compact layer on the ALD-deposited TiO2 layer is spontaneously optimized. Finally, an outstanding efficiency of 20.28% has been achieved from a champion PSC with negligible hysteresis and high reliability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to demonstrate the superiority of TiO2-NR based PSCs withstanding in dry heat and thermal cycling tests. The results are of great importance for the preparation of efficient and durable PSCs for our real-world applications.