Anatase TiO2 used as the sodium-storage anode is coupled with graphite cathode to construct dual-ion batteries. The batteries display wide voltage window (1.0-4.7 V), long cycling stability (98 mAh g-1… Click to show full abstract
Anatase TiO2 used as the sodium-storage anode is coupled with graphite cathode to construct dual-ion batteries. The batteries display wide voltage window (1.0-4.7 V), long cycling stability (98 mAh g-1 after 1400 cycles at 500 mA g-1), and considerable rate performance (102 mAh g-1 at 1500 mA g-1). Furthermore, the kinetic behaviors of Na+ and PF6- ions are investigated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic intermittent titration technique, as well as potentiostatic intermittent titration technique. The corresponding apparent ions diffusion coefficient are calculated, and the results indicate that the transport of PF6- anions in the graphite cathode is swifter.
               
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