LAUSR

Electrochemical water splitting is considered as the most promising technology for hydrogen production. Considering overall water splitting for practical applications, catalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) should be performed in the same electrolyte, especially in alkaline solutions. However, designing and searching for highly active and inexpensive electrocatalysts for both OER and HER in basic media remain significant challenges. Herein, we report a facile and universal strategy for synthesizing nonprecious transition metals, binary alloys, and ternary alloys encapsulated in graphene layers by direct annealing of metal–organic frameworks. Density functional theory calculations prove that with an increase in the degree of freedom of alloys or a change in the metal proportions in FeCoNi ternary alloys, the electronic structures of materials can also be tuned intentionally by changing the number of transferred electrons between alloys and graphene. The optim...