LAUSR

INTRODUCTION There is compelling evidence from randomized controlled trials that therapeutic hypothermia for fullor near-term neonates with moderate to severe neonatal encephalopathy (NE) significantly improves survival without a disability. It is interesting to reflect that therapeutic hypothermia was being tested in a variety of ways well before the first large randomized trials, often using immersion in icecold water during resuscitation, followed by gradual, spontaneous rewarming. The subsequent 20 years of translational studies provided a strong evidence base to enable successful phase 3 clinical trials to be performed and for the therapy to be officially adopted as the standard of care. Follow-up of these trials is available to mid-childhood. Here, we report a case of NE with over 53 years of follow-up after treatment with therapeutic hypothermia by immersion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the longest follow-up recorded in the history of the treatment of NE.