Embarking on long-duration spaceflights with limited resources and absence of immediate medical facilities necessitates careful consideration of potential health hazards in the unforgiving confines of space. Among the extensive possible… Click to show full abstract
Embarking on long-duration spaceflights with limited resources and absence of immediate medical facilities necessitates careful consideration of potential health hazards in the unforgiving confines of space. Among the extensive possible risks inherent in space exploration, ocular injuries [1–3], particularly corneal thermal burns, stand out as significant focal points of concern. The Lifetime Surveillance of Astronaut Health database highlights numerous ocular injuries in the history of the U.S. space program, prompting concerns about potential vision-threatening injuries on the International Space Station (ISS) [4]. Reports of ocular, orbital
               
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