LAUSR

The piezoelectricity and electrostriction of a single crystal of the archetypical relaxor, lead magnesium niobate, (PbMg1∕3Nb2∕3O3, PMN), have been investigated by resonant piezoelectric spectroscopy (RPS) and resonant electrostriction spectroscopy (RES). RPS and RES measurements detect the piezoelectric effect and electrostriction up to ∼730 K and ∼810 K, respectively, with the former being ∼110 K above the Burns temperature TB. The observation of the piezoelectric effect above TB indicates that PNRs exist at such high temperatures and they lead to a non-zero time averaged polarization under the strain gradients induced by chemically ordered regions with F m 3 ¯ m symmetry. Finally, coupled RES and RPS measurements may be a convenient approach to investigate mesoscopic and macroscopic polarity simultaneously, allowing to correlate the former with the latter.The piezoelectricity and electrostriction of a single crystal of the archetypical relaxor, lead magnesium niobate, (PbMg1∕3Nb2∕3O3, PMN), have been investigated by resonant piezoelectric spectroscopy (RPS) and resonant electrostriction spectroscopy (RES). RPS and RES measurements detect the piezoelectric effect and electrostriction up to ∼730 K and ∼810 K, respectively, with the former being ∼110 K above the Burns temperature TB. The observation of the piezoelectric effect above TB indicates that PNRs exist at such high temperatures and they lead to a non-zero time averaged polarization under the strain gradients induced by chemically ordered regions with F m 3 ¯ m symmetry. Finally, coupled RES and RPS measurements may be a convenient approach to investigate mesoscopic and macroscopic polarity simultaneously, allowing to correlate the former with the latter.