LAUSR

The effects of pulse rise time on the temporal evolution of electron energy and density under repetitive nanosecond pulses in atmospheric nitrogen with 100 ppm oxygen impurities are investigated in this paper by a two-dimensional particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision model. It is found that the peak value of mean electron energy increases with decreasing pulse rise time in the single pulsed discharge. However, in the repetitive pulsed discharge approximated by pre-ionization, the peak value of mean electron energy no longer varies with the pulse rise time, showing a saturation trend with decreasing pulse rise time. Whether or not pre-ionization is present, the time required for the mean electron energy to reach its peak is approximately equal to the pulse rise time. It is worth noting that the presence of pre-ionization enhances the tracking ability of the mean electron energy to the pulse waveform during the pulse rise edge. Although after the peak of the pulse, the mean electron energy terminates the tracking process to pulse waveform due to the formation of high-density avalanches and even streamers, its energy decay rate gradually decreases with the increase in the pre-ionization density. Therefore, when the pulse repetitive frequency is greatly increased or the pre-ionization density is increased by other means, it is possible to achieve the complete control of the mean electron energy by pulse waveform modulation.