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Significance Using absolute quantification of both cytokines and metabolites from the plasmas of convalescent COVID-19 patients, machine-learning approaches identified that a combination of cytokines and metabolites can clearly discriminate convalescent… Click to show full abstract
Significance Using absolute quantification of both cytokines and metabolites from the plasmas of convalescent COVID-19 patients, machine-learning approaches identified that a combination of cytokines and metabolites can clearly discriminate convalescent patients with rapidly faded antibodies (CO) from ordinary convalescents with antibodies (CA). We found glycylproline (gly-pro) accumulation in CO individuals compared with the CA group. Intriguingly, gly-pro contributes to the rapid fading of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific antibodies, whereas the inhibitor of its producing enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4, an antidiabetic drug, can counteract the gly-pro–down-regulated SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies under physiological conditions. Therefore, our findings point to a novel mechanism for gly-pro–suppressed immune responses upon SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide therapeutic potentials for maintaining neutralizing antibody levels.
Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Year Published: 2022
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