LAUSR

Significance National racial-ethnic exposure disparities in air pollution and their persistence across time are well-documented. It is unknown, however, how to systematically eliminate these disparities. Our results suggest that two main current regulatory strategies are ineffective at addressing national average racial-ethnic inequalities. In contrast, those inequalities can be eliminated with modest emission reduction using a location-specific approach. That approach is not included in current national regulatory frameworks (but it is being discussed, and some states have implemented it); also, that approach does as well as or better than the two other approaches at the goal of reducing overall population average. Our article informs the active national conversation about addressing environmental injustice, by providing a scientifically grounded approach for eliminating disparities.