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Significance Tumor immunotherapy synergized with radiotherapy (RT) has become promising for eradicating multiple advanced tumors. However, accompanying treatment-related detrimental events in normal tissues has been the dark side of the… Click to show full abstract
Significance Tumor immunotherapy synergized with radiotherapy (RT) has become promising for eradicating multiple advanced tumors. However, accompanying treatment-related detrimental events in normal tissues has been the dark side of the combination regimen, for patients potentially amenable for radioimmunotherapy. This study identifies that ultrahigh dose rate (110 to 120 Gy/s) FLASH X-ray irradiation can reduce intestinal pyroptosis and thus counteracts the intestinal toxicity induced by conventional dose rate (CONV) irradiation in the context of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blockade. Meanwhile, FLASH X-ray achieves comparable efficacy with CONV RT in both primary and abscopal tumor control when combined with anti–PD-L1 administration, thus widening the therapeutic window of tumor radioimmunotherapy and potentially contributing to enhancing the popularity of this combination regimen.
Journal Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Year Published: 2022
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