Significance Nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as mask wearing, introduced to limit the spread of COVID-19 have proved effective at reducing cases of other respiratory diseases. A key public health question is… Click to show full abstract
Significance Nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as mask wearing, introduced to limit the spread of COVID-19 have proved effective at reducing cases of other respiratory diseases. A key public health question is whether these interventions could be introduced long term to limit outbreaks of diseases such as influenza. Here, we use epidemic models to show that the effect of mask wearing on endemic disease is likely short lived. Over longer time horizons, outbreaks may return while interventions are in place, as population immunity decreases.
               
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