Significance Many Nostoc species are desiccation-tolerant cyanobacteria distributed on every continent on Earth. They have evolved mechanisms that enable their vegetative cells to read and survive the harsh conditions. Unraveling… Click to show full abstract
Significance Many Nostoc species are desiccation-tolerant cyanobacteria distributed on every continent on Earth. They have evolved mechanisms that enable their vegetative cells to read and survive the harsh conditions. Unraveling those mechanisms has great significance for revealing the fascinating mystery of desiccation-tolerant organisms. The present study showed that the Hrf1-hlip module is crucial for desiccation tolerance in the representative desert cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme, and heterologous transgenic cyanobacterium also showed enhanced tolerance to water-deficit stress. Further phylogenetic analysis suggested that the tandemly repeated hlips was coevolved with its negative regulator Hrf1 in desiccation-tolerant subaerial Nostoc species, which provides new insights into the mechanism of desiccation tolerance in photosynthetic organisms.
               
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