LAUSR

Abstract We investigated the association between dietary patterns (DPs) and bladder cancer (BC) using principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR). This case-control study comprised 102 BC patients and 197 controls aged ≥ 45 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire. The response variables for RRR were nitrite and trans-fatty acid consumption. The following DPs were retained using PCA: "high fat and high carbohydrate", "healthy", and "ready-to-eat". The first pattern was positively (OR = 5.78, 95% CI: 3.14, 10.6) and the healthy was negatively (OR = 0.60, 95%CI: 0.42, 0.86) associated with BC risk in the fully adjusted model. The first RRR pattern, "high trans-fatty acids and high nitrite", was positively correlated with trans-fatty acids and nitrite. A higher score on this pattern was associated with a more likely to have BC (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.71). The second one, "high trans-fatty acids and low nitrite", was positively correlated with trans-fatty acids but negatively correlated with nitrite. More adherence to this pattern increased BC risk (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.50). We identified DPs positively linked to BC. Furthermore, a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, seafood, and olive oil was inversely associated with BC. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2022.2047739 .