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Dietary Phytochemical Index and the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study

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Abstract High intakes of phytochemical-rich foods might have beneficial effects on reducing breast cancer risk. In this study, we assessed the association between the dietary phytochemical index (PI) and breast… Click to show full abstract

Abstract High intakes of phytochemical-rich foods might have beneficial effects on reducing breast cancer risk. In this study, we assessed the association between the dietary phytochemical index (PI) and breast cancer risk in a sample of premenopausal Turkish women. This case-control study was conducted on 70 newly diagnosed breast cancer cases and matched 70 healthy controls. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and dietary phytochemical indexes were calculated with two different methods. The mean PI score of participants was 19.9 ± 9.52 and 23.0 ± 8.95 in cases and controls, respectively (p = 0.046). After adjusting for energy intake, the risk of breast cancer significantly increased by 29.5% in the third quartile as compared to the fourth quartile of dietary PI (OR = 0.295, 95%CI = 0.106–0.822). Higher dietary PI was negatively associated with breast cancer risk; therefore, dietary PI may be suggested as an important contributor to dietary intake for breast cancer.

Keywords: breast cancer; risk; dietary phytochemical; study; cancer

Journal Title: Nutrition and Cancer
Year Published: 2022

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