LAUSR

Abstract As global waste management challenges grow and the demand for sustainable horticulture increases, green waste (GW) has emerged as a key resource for compost production. However, this kind of green waste compost (GWC) has numerous difficulties when employed directly because of its inherent limits. It includes poor bulk density, irregular nutrient content and inadequate porosity. This study was to investigate the impact of various ratios of vermicompost (VC; 0%, 10%, 20%) and pond sediment (PS; 0%, 10%, 25%) on GWC and their potential use as substrates for floriculture in order to get over these restrictions. The total fresh weight (TFW), total dry weight (TDW), and total chlorophyll (TChl) of stevia were measured, alongside a comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties of the enhanced substrate. TFW, TDW, and TChl of stevia in T5 were increased by 140%, 78%, and 30%, respectively, compared to the unmodified GWC. The optimal cultivation substrate for stevia was provided by the most comprehensive evaluation index, which reached 0.76. This study effectively utilized waste materials to improve the fertility and structure of the cultivation substrate, significantly enhancing nutrient uptake and promoting stevia growth and development, resulting in a dual improvement in yield and quality. Moreover, the study contributes to the creation of a more efficient and friendly horticultural ecosystem, demonstrating how waste can be converted into valuable resources and offering innovative solutions for waste management. These outcomes support sustainable development and optimize waste management strategies.