LAUSR

Abstract Objective: This study sought to describe the short- and long-term (up to 2 years) antithrombotic management patterns in a real-life setting for patients hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event, and to document clinical outcomes. Research design and methods: EPICOR-RUS was a multicenter (34 centers), prospective, observational, longitudinal cohort study conducted across Russia on antithrombotic management in hospitalized (within 24 hours of symptom onset) ACS patients with 2 year follow-up. Clinical trial registration: NCT01373957. Results: A total of 600 ACS patients (71.1% male, mean age 60 years) were enrolled; 599 were included for analysis. Diagnosis comprised STEMI (n = 375, 62.6%), NSTEMI (n = 147, 24.5%), and unstable angina (UA) (n = 77, 12.9%). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was conducted in 64.3% of patients with STEMI (with or without thrombolysis), 36.7% with NSTEMI, and 58.4% with UA. There was undertreatment with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for STEMI, NSTEMI, and UA: 14.7%, 25.9% and 16.9% of patients, respectively, were not receiving DAPT during hospitalization, and 10.1%, 21.8% and 16.9% at discharge. Post-discharge, of the STEMI group, only 72.4% of patients who were managed by PCI and 39.8% of conservatively treated patients received DAPT at 12 months. The respective figures in the NSTEMI group were 77.3% and 26.4%. In the STEMI cohort the cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality was 3.2% at 1 year and 5.1% at 2 years of follow-up; in the NSTEMI cohort this was 2.7% and 4.8%, respectively. There were no deaths by 12 months and one death by 24 months (1.3%) in the UA population. Conclusion: Despite evidence-based guidelines for the management of ACS, the real-world setting in Russia shows discrepancies in clinical practice, highlighting the need for improvements for the optimal management of high-risk patients with ACS.