LAUSR

ABSTRACT Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) can significantly improve patient prognosis when used on patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but those patients often develop acquired resistance after 9–14 months of treatment. These resistance mechanisms are complex and diverse, with the EGFR T790M mutation being the most common. Aumolertinib is a new third-generation EGFR-TKI that is highly selective for EGFR-sensitizing mutations and EGFR T790M resistance mutation. Areas covered This review summarizes the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of aumolertinib for EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC. The authors provide their expert opinions on the use of this drug, including its future prospects. Expert opinion Aumolertinib has shown good efficacy and safety for advanced EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC patients who have progressed after EGFR-TKI treatment. It is expected to become a new treatment option, and to aid the establishment of new treatment standards. A phase III clinical study is currently underway to evaluate the suitability of aumolertinib as a first-line treatment. At present, more drug combinations and different applicable populations are being further explored. Future challenges include exploring mechanisms of aumolertinib resistance and determining its efficacy in European and American populations.