LAUSR

The Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Sports (CEQS; Short, Sullivan, & Feltz, 2005, Development and preliminary validation of the collective efficacy questionnaire for sports. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 9(3), 181–202. doi:10.1207/s15327841mpee0903_3) is a domain-specific instrument for the assessment of collective efficacy across interdependent team sports. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of an Italian version of the CEQS (CEQS-Ita) with 306 athletes. The instrument showed a good level of internal consistency reliability. Construct validity was demonstrated by examining the factor structure, and convergent and discriminant properties of the instrument. Confirmatory Factor Analyses suggested a model with four sub-dimensions: ability, determination, preparation, and unity. Convergent properties of the instrument were demonstrated through positive correlations with all four components of an Italian version of the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ; Andreaggi, Robazza, & Bortoli, 2000, Coesione sociale e sul compito negli sport di squadra: Il Group Environment Questionnaire. [Social and task cohesion in team sports: The Group Environment Questionnaire]. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia dello Sport, 2, 19–23). Discriminant validity was evidenced by the absence of correlation with cognitive or somatic anxiety measured through an Italian version of the Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (Martinengo, Bobbio, & Marino, 2012, Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 263, 53–59).