LAUSR

Abstract This paper documents that the principal mode of Pan-Asian monsoon summer precipitation experienced a prominent interdecadal shift around 1992/1993 in terms of spatial pattern and major driving factors. During 1979‒1992 (Period 1, P1), Pan-Asian monsoon summer precipitation anomalies mainly display a meridional dipole pattern from north to south, whereas in the period 1993‒2016 (Period 2, P2), it shows a meridional tripole pattern instead. The summer precipitation in P1 is primarily associated with a combination of the developing phase (central-eastern Pacific type) and decaying phase (eastern Pacific type) of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO); while in P2, it is mainly associated with the decaying phase of central-eastern-Pacific-type ENSO.