LAUSR

The safe and green processes development for the nanoparticle synthesis is one of the key factors of nanotechnology concept. The present investigation describes the dye degradation, insecticidal and antidandruff activity of synthesized Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) by utilizing the aqueous extract of Lagenaria siceraria peel which acts as the novel biomass product is reported for the first time. The synthesized Pd NPs were characterized by TEM, UV—visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM and XRD investigation. The absorption maxima noticed in the UV–vis show the highest peak close to 362 nm, which is the common characteristics for Pd NPs. FTIR spectra were recorded to recognize the biomolecules associated with the synthesis process, which indicated the absorption bands at 3288.63, 2926.01, 1597.06, 1379.10 cm−1. XRD examination demonstrated that these are very crystalline Pd NPs having a normal size of 21 nm. SEM and TEM images demonstrated the shape and the particles size range of 16–73 nm. The green synthesized Pd NPs showed significant antidandruff activity against Malassezia furfur and Malassezia pachydermatis assayed using agar diffusion assay. Phyto-synthesized Pd NPs exhibited significant insecticidal activity against Sitophilus oryzae. Furthermore, Pd NPs were also used for the remediation of a Bismarck brown. Synthesized Pd NPs exhibited 84% degradation activity of Bismarck brown. Overall, the results of our present study recommends that peel of L. siceraria is a best green source for the eco-friendly synthesis of Pd NPs which further can be utilized as a novel biocidal agent against dandruff causing pathogens, insects and also acts as a strong photocatalytic agent.