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BACKGROUND To clarify the differences in the mode of fluid accumulation between arm and leg lymphedema using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). METHODS AND RESULTS In 22 arms with lymphedema (ALE) and 65 legs with lymphedema (LLE), as well as 54 legs with venous edema (VE) for comparison, BIA was performed twice between April 2015 and March 2017. Then, the changes in BIA-derived parameters were correlated with the changes in extremity volumes. In ALE, the change in extracellular fluid resistance (Re) was negatively correlated with the change in arm volume (r = 0.51), while the change in intracellular fluid resistance (Ri) was constant, irrespective of the change in arm volume (r = 0.19). In LLE, the change in Re was negatively correlated with the change in leg volume (r = 0.67), but the change in Ri was also negatively correlated with the change in leg volume (r = 0.51). These correlations were similar to those in VE, in which the changes in Re and Ri were each negatively correlated with the change in leg volume (r = 0.66 and 0.53, respectively). CONCLUSION The modes of change in BIA-derived parameters according to the change in extremity volume were different in ALE and LLE. The changes in LLE were similar to that in VE.