LAUSR

Objectives Sedentary behaviors and unhealthy diets are reported to be risk factors of obesity. The present study aims to examine the role of high sedentary activity and low consumption of fruits and vegetables in increasing obesity in Indonesian adult people. Methods The analysis presented in this study was based on the data from a population-based, cross-sectional, nationally representative, Indonesian Basic Health Research 2013. In total, 222,650 men and 248,590 women aged 19-55 years were enrolled. A validated questionnaire, physical activity card, and food card were used for assessment. Results The results showed that prevalence of obesity (body mass index of ≥27.5 kg/m2) was higher in women (18.71%) than in men (8.67%). The prevalence was higher in those with high (≥ 6 hours/day) sedentary activity (17.3%) than in those with low sedentary activity (14.5%). Furthermore, the prevalence was higher in those with low consumption of fruits and vegetables (20.6%) than in those with adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables (15.0%). Overall, people with high sedentary activity were 1.2 times (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.16-1.21) more likely to be obese than those with low sedentary activity, and people with low consumption of fruits and vegetables were 1.5 times (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.22-1.87) more likely to be obese than those with adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables after adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic status. The excess odds of being obese attributable to high sedentary activity and low consumption of fruits and vegetables was higher in men than in women. Conclusions The present study suggests that promoting physical activity and healthy diets especially adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables could be the keys in preventing obesity in Indonesia. Funding Sources Indonesian Ministry of Health, The University of Alma Ata, Taipei Medical University.