LAUSR

Conventional laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is usu-ally performed by three operators, including a surgeon, an assistant, and a camera operator [1]. The assistant and camera operator help the surgeon to expose the accurate dissection plane [2, 3]. During the operation, however, because the camera-view image for the assistant is a mirror, the movement of the instruments is confusing and may lead to involuntary in-juries. In addition, the image of the camera view is more in line with the habits of the camera operator and shaking of the image might make the surgeon uncomfortable. Practiced surgeons are able to perform reduced-port laparoscopic surgery without the assistant’s help for selected cases. In theory, surgeons can also negative distal and circumferential margins. surgical process