LAUSR

Phosphorus (P) limitation is a significant factor restricting crop production in agricultural systems, and enhancing the internal P-utilization efficiency (PUE) of crops plays an important role in ensuring sustainable P use in agriculture. To better understand how P is remobilized to affect crop growth, we first screened P-efficient (B73 and GEMS50) and P-inefficient (Liao5114) maize genotypes at the same shoot P content, and then analyzed P pools and performed non-targeted metabonomic analyses to explore changes in cellular P fractions and metabolites in maize genotypes with contrasting PUE. We show that lipid-P and nucleic acid-P concentrations were significantly lower in lower leaves of P-efficient genotypes, and these P pools were remobilized to a major extent in P-efficient genotypes. Broad metabolic alterations were evident in leaves of P-efficient maize genotypes, particularly affecting products of phospholipid turnover and phosphorylated compounds, and the shikimate biosynthesis pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that P-efficient genotypes have a high capacity to remobilize lipid-P and nucleic acid-P and promote the shikimate pathway towards efficient P utilization in maize.