LAUSR

OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the risk factors for relapse and death in patients with EGPA recruited at pneumonological center and mainly ANCA-negative. METHODS We retrospectively recruited 86 patients. Relapse was defined as the recurrence or appearance of new organ symptoms. The study endpoint included the final examination. RESULTS Relapses occurred in 34.9% of the patients, while 9.3% died. Immunosuppressive therapy (p = 0.042), prolonged low-dose corticosteroid treatments (mainly for asthma) (p = 0.006), and longer follow-up duration (p = 0.004) were associated with a higher relapse risk, while advanced EGPA severity (p = 0.0015) and activity (p = 0.044), older age of onset (p = 0.030), symptomatic cardiac involvement (p = 0.007), and post-inflammatory cardiac fibrosis (p = 0.038) were associated with a higher risk of death. Sinusitis (p = 0.028) and prolonged low-dose corticosteroid treatments (p = 0.025) correlated with a better prognosis. Relapses did not have an impact on the mortality (p = 0.693). CONCLUSION Relapses in EGPA remain frequent, although they do not impact mortality. Cardiac involvement is common, but clinically symptomatic cardiomyopathy is associated with a higher risk of death. Asthma requiring chronic corticosteroid treatments is associated with a lower risk of death, although the risk of EGPA recurrence is significantly higher.