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gastrointestinal tract and the brain, called the "gut-brain axis" [1]. e growing recognition of the microbiome’s importance in modulating health has prompted an extension of this term to the "microbiota-gut-brain… Click to show full abstract
gastrointestinal tract and the brain, called the "gut-brain axis" [1]. e growing recognition of the microbiome’s importance in modulating health has prompted an extension of this term to the "microbiota-gut-brain axis", which represents a complex network of communication between the gut, microbiota, and the brain that modulates immune, gastrointestinal, and central nervous system (CNS) functions [1-3]. Mechanisms of communication include: (1) neurotransmitters; (2) microbial byproducts or metabolites including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids; (3) cytokines and immune cell activation; (4) neural networks including enteric nervous system (ENS) and vagal nerve activation; (5) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis modulation [4-8].
Journal Title: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Year Published: 2023
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