LAUSR

A probe-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) protocol was developed for detection and evaluation of the wheat bacterial leaf streak pathogen Xanthomonas translucens pathovar (pv.) undulosa. The protocol can also detect X. translucens pv. translucens and X. translucens pv. secalis, but can't differentiate the three pathovars. When tested on non-target DNA, i.e. from plant, bacteria other than X. translucens pv. undulosa, X. translucens pv. translucens and X. translucens pv. secalis, and culture of microorganisms from wheat grains, the qPCR showed a high specificity. On purified X. translucens pv. undulosa DNA, the qPCR was more sensitive than a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. When DNA samples from a set of serial dilutions of X. translucens pv. undulosa cells were tested, the qPCR method could repeatedly generate quantification cycle (Cq) values from the dilutions containing ≥1,000 cells. Since 2 µL of the total of 50 µL DNA was used in one reaction, one qPCR reaction could detect the presence of the bacteria in samples containing as few as 40 bacterial cells. The qPCR could detect the bacteria from both infected grain and leaf tissues. For seed testing, a protocol for template preparation was standardized, which allowed one qPCR reaction to test DNA from the surface of one wheat grain. Thus, the qPCR system could detect X. translucens pv. undulosa, X. translucens pv. translucens and/or X. translucens pv. secalis in samples where the bacteria had an average concentration ≥40 cells per grain.