LAUSR

Objective: Diabetes associated with high blood pressure and hyperhomocysteinemia are both the cause early and rapidly evolving vascular lesions. There are multiple mechanisms behind these lesions and still imperfectly known, but diabetes and hyperhomocysteinemia have many in common deleterious effects affecting hemostasis, and lipid peroxidation, suggesting that there may be a synergistic effect of these two pathologies. Currently, oxidative stress is recognized as an important factor involved in the degenerative complications of diabetes. The objective of our study is to assess the plasma homocysteine level and the activity erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes in hypertensive women with type 2 diabetes. Design and method: Blood samples are from hypertensive women with type 2 diabetes (n = 36), and healthy female volunteers (n = 36). A blood sample is taken for the assay of plasma biochemical parameters (glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, plasma assay homocysteine, urea and creatinine) and markers of plasma oxidative stress. Enzyme activity antioxidant erythrocytes (dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase) is also determined. Results: Our results show that type 2 diabetes linked to hypertension causes complications metabolic resulting in hyperglycemia and glycated hemoglobin. However, the average of homocysteinemia is very high associated with hypercreatinemia and hyperuremia in diabetic women this can be explained by the marked presence of a hypertension. The activities of antioxidant enzymes: catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase are significantly reduced in diabetic patients compared to control values. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is associated with alterations in the antioxidant defense system which can worsen the complications of diabetes. A diet rich in vitamins (vitamins B - vitamins B6, B12 and B9 or folic acid) and management of the diabetic’s antioxidant status is necessary for avourable assessment of this pathology.