LAUSR

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoim-mune disease characterized by thrombotic or obstetric events caused by persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), namely lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, or anti- b 2 glycoprotein I (anti- b 2GPI) antibodies. [1] The main target antigen in APS is b 2GPI, through which aPL binds to the cell membrane and subsequently activates membrane receptors and downstream signal transducers. This may activate natural killer (NK) cells, leading to obstetric complications. the s NK (uNK) cells are involved in trophoblast cell invasion and spiral artery remodeling, secreting cytokines that regulate immune balance at the maternal – fetal interface. Changes in the number and function of NK cells and the imbalance between NK cells and other immune cells may lead to pathological pregnancy, including and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).