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PRéCIS:: Combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy has a significantly better hypotensive effect than trabeculectomy and a higher success rate in cases of silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension. PURPOSE To compare the ocular hypotensive effect of combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy (CTT) with mitomycin-C (MMC) to that of trabeculectomy with MMC in cases of silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty eyes of thirty patients with high intraocular pressure (IOP) after vitrectomy and silicone oil injection (followed by silicone oil removal) were randomly allocated to 2 groups in this randomized trial. Group A was composed of 15 cases who underwent combined CTT with MMC while group B cases contained 15 cases undergoing trabeculectomy with MMC. Patients were followed up for 12 months. We included patients > 18 years old, having performed vitrectomy and silicone oil injection followed by oil removal, and having IOP > 21▒mmHg uncontrollable by anti-glaucoma medications. RESULTS The postoperative IOP drop was significantly greater in group A than in group B at all follow up visits (P < 0.05). Compared to preoperative IOP, both surgeries produced a significantly lower postoperative IOP at all follow up visits (P < 0.05). For group A, complete success rates (IOP≤21▒mmHg without ocular hypotensive medications) and qualified success rates (IOP≤ 21▒mmHg with or without ocular hypotensive medications) were both higher than for group B. CONCLUSION Both surgeries effectively reduce IOP in cases of silicone oil-induced ocular hypertension, but CTT has a significantly better hypotensive effect and a higher success rate on the long-term.