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available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29887296 Editorial Comment: The authors describe 3 boys with the unusual condition of a hypoplastic or absent scrotum. To construct or augment the scrotum, they used an island flap of circumferential preputial skin to isolate a pedicle and then transferred the pedicle through the penoscrotal junction to mold into a scrotum. Their cosmetic results were excellent. This is an attractive surgical option when dealing with this unusual condition. Douglas A. Canning, MD Re: A Case of Splenogonadal Fusion Accompanied by Accessory Spleen in a 4-Year-Old Boy A. Shakeri, A. Shakeri, R. Rasolmali and S. Shakeri University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and Department of Pathology, Shiraz Central Hospital and Department of Urology, Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Urol Ann 2018; 10: 406e408. doi: 10.4103/UA.UA_194_17 Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30386095available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30386095 Re: Splenogonadal Fusion: A Rare Finding during Routine Orchiopexy C. J. Chen, N. Kavoussi and M. A. Jacobs Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, and Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee Urol Case Rep 2019; 27: 100904. doi: 10.1016/j.eucr.2019.100904 Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31687344 Re: A Rare Content of Congenital Inguinal Hernia: A Case Report of Splenogonadal Fusion X. Xiang, Y. Jiang, J. X. Liu and L. Qiu Departments of Medical Ultrasound and Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China BMC Pediatr 2019; 19: 422. doi: 10.1186/s12887-019-1807-x Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31707984 1050 PEDIATRIC UROLOGY Copyright © 2020 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. Editorial Comment: These 3 case reports remind us about splenogonadal fusion, which is seen infrequently. The authors describe the unusual event in which a splenic remnant associates with the testicular tissue, epididymis or tunica vaginalis. In all 3 patients a mass presented in the inguinal canal or scrotum. Shakeri et al report a case of discontinuous splenogonadal fusion not connected to the orthotopic spleen, in which radical orchiectomy was performed because there was no opportunity to do an intraoperative frozen section. Chen et al report a case of a continuous splenogonadal fusion, in which the splenic nodule had a band-like connection to the orthotopic spleen. Release of the splenule released the undescended testis and allowed the surgeons to place the testis in the scrotum. The case reported by Xiang et al illustrates the importance of ultrasound preoperatively. In this patient the ultrasound somewhat paradoxically suggested poor blood supply to the splenic component. The surgeons exposed the splenic nodule through an inguinal incision and removed it. We should watch for splenogonadal fusion, which can be identified preoperatively with ultrasound in some cases, potentially obviating any dissection at all in the unusual case where the testis is present in the scrotum. Douglas A. Canning, MD Re: Adolescent Testicular Microlithiasis: A Case-Based, Multinational Survey of Clinical Management Practices K. E. Brodie, A. F. Saltzman and N. G. Cost Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado J Pediatr Urol 2018; 14: 151.e1ee8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.12.007 Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29428360 Editorial Comment: The authors polled members of the European Society for Paediatric Urology and the Societies for Pediatric Urology. Members were presented with 8 cases of testicular microlithiasis (TM) with 1 variable changed each time, ie classic vs limited TM, unilateral vs bilateral TM and prior cryptorchidism vs no history of cryptorchidism, and asked about management. Overwhelmingly the respondents recommended annual monitoring for each scenario. Those who responded with more aggressive initial or followup approaches were at an early point in their career, practiced pediatric and adult urology or had a lower annual volume of cases. We do not know how to treat testicular microlithiasis in adolescents. Monthly self-examination and annual followup at least for 1 or 2 years appears to be the consensus approach. Douglas A. Canning, MD Renal Transplantation and Renovascular Hypertension Re: Practical Considerations for APOL1 Genotyping in the Living Kidney Donor Evaluation A. M. Mena-Gutierrez, A. M. Reeves-Daniel, C. L. Jay and B. I. Freedman Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology and Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina Transplantation 2020; 104: 27e32. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000002933 Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31449181 Editorial Comment: In the last several years genetic signatures have been identified that are associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Apolipoprotein L1 gene variants have been associated with nondiabetic CKD and end stage renal disease (ESRD) in Africans, African Americans, Brazilians and Afro-Caribbeans. Two copies of the G1 or G2 renal risk variant confer a greater risk of post-donation CKD in living donors and more rapid development of failure of RENAL TRANSPLANTATION AND RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION 1051 Copyright © 2020 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.