LAUSR

Abstract Introduction: KIAA0586 variants have been associated to short-rib thoracic dysplasia, an autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathy characterized by a narrow thorax, short limbs, and radiological skeletal abnormalities. Patient concerns: Patients 1 and 2 were two Roma Gypsy siblings presenting thoracic dysplasia and a combination of oral cavity anomalies. Diagnosis: A custom NGS gene panel, including genes associated to skeletal ciliopathies, identified the homozygous KIAA0586 splicing variant c.1815G>A (p.Gln605Gln) in both siblings, confirming the clinical diagnosis of short-rib-polydactyly. Intervention: Patients were transferred to neonatal intensive care unit and received life-support treatment. Outcomes: Patients 1 and 2 died after few hours and 1 month of birth, respectively, because of respiratory failure related with the disease. Conclusion: We report two patients affected by short-rib polydactyly syndrome and overlapping phenotype with oral-facial-digital syndrome associated with the c.1815G>A variant in KIAA0586, suggesting a quite peculiar genotype–phenotype correlation.