LAUSR

Occupational radiation exposure limits for radiation workers defined by the recommendations of the ICRP have since been adopted by many countries in their respective laws surrounding the use of radiation (e.g., Euratom Directive 2013/59 implemented in the Ionising Radiation Regulations in the UK, and the Radiation Protection (Ionising Radiation) Regulations in Singapore [1,2]). Laws in most countries limit adult workers to 20 mSv/year (1 Sv over an entire lifetime) with a constraint set at three-tenths of the limit. The use of the ALARA concept has been a long-standing principle in the field of radiation safety, with the increased risk in cancer development being based on the average collective dose response of thousands of people [3]. This practice itself is noted as highly speculative, an uncertain measure of risk, and should not be used for estimation of population health risks [4]. Despite the relatively minor increases in cancer risk from these models, the natural risk of cancer is currently one in two [5] in the UK and one in four in Singapore [6].