LAUSR

Purpose: To observe the effect of ultrasound-guided single right stellate ganglion block (SGB) on postoperative first night sleep in patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. Methods: This study included 120 participants who underwent maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia from 11 April 2023 to 31 August 2024. These participants were divided into three groups, namely blank control group, 1% lidocaine group, and 2% lidocaine group, with 40 patients in each group. Their blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and the visual analog scale (VAS) scores were recorded before the operation (baseline), immediately after awakening, immediately after arrival at the anesthesia intensive care unit (AICU), 1 h after arrival at the AICU, and 2 h after arrival at the AICU. The Richard–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) was used to evaluate the sleep quality in the three patient groups on the first night after surgery. Complications associated with SGB and the number of sedative analgesic medication doses supplemented on the first postoperative night were recorded. Results: The RCSQ scores of the blank control group, 1% lidocaine group, and 2% lidocaine group were 44.5 (33.3, 62.0), 67.0 (54.0, 87.9), and 96.0 (65.8, 100.0), respectively, and the scores gradually increased (comparison among three groups: P < 0.0001). There was a statistical difference among the three groups in the gradual slowing down of heart rate after extubation and wakefulness, immediately after arrival at the AICU, 1 h after arrival at the AICU, and 2 h after arrival at the AICU. There were no significant complications of SGB in the three groups. The 1% and 2% lidocaine group reduced the number of postoperative sufentanil remedies. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided single right SGB effectively improved the quality of postoperative first night sleep according to RCSQ and reduced stress reactions within 2 h in patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. Notably, the efficacy of 4 mL of 2% lidocaine was superior to that of 4 mL of 1% lidocaine, making it a safe and effective method for improving postoperative sleep.