Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterised by persistent or chronic airflow limitation. It is typically progressive in nature and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response… Click to show full abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterised by persistent or chronic airflow limitation. It is typically progressive in nature and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and lungs to noxious particles or gases. Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD, with a small proportion of cases linked to passive smoking and genetic diseases, for example alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency.
               
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