We study the Kitaev-Heisenberg-Γ model with antiferromagnetic Kitaev exchanges in the strong anisotropic (toric code) limit to understand the phases and the intervening phase transitions between the gapped Z2 quantum… Click to show full abstract
We study the Kitaev-Heisenberg-Γ model with antiferromagnetic Kitaev exchanges in the strong anisotropic (toric code) limit to understand the phases and the intervening phase transitions between the gapped Z2 quantum spin liquid and the spin-ordered (in the Heisenberg limit) as well as paramagnetic phases (in the pseudo-dipolar, Γ, limit). We find that the paramagnetic phase obtained in the large Γ limit has no topological entanglement entropy and is proximate to a gapless critical point of a system described by equal superposition of differently oriented stacked one-dimensional Z2×Z2 symmetry protected topological phases. Using a combination of exact diagonalization calculations and field theoretic analysis we map out the phases and phase transitions to reveal the complete phase diagram as a function of the Heisenberg, the Kitaev and the pseudo-dipolar interactions. Our work shows a rich plethora of unconventional phases and phase transitions and provides a comprehensive understanding of the physics of anisotropic Kitaev-Heisenberg-Γ systems along with our recent paper [Phys. Rev. B 102, 235124 (2020) [1]] where the ferromagnetic Kitaev exchange was studied.
               
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