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Influence of nonuniformity in sapphire substrates for a gravitational wave telescope

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The construction of a large-scale cryogenic gravitational wave telescope, KAGRA, has been completed, and four sapphire test masses have been installed in cryostat vacuum chambers. Recently, it was observed that… Click to show full abstract

The construction of a large-scale cryogenic gravitational wave telescope, KAGRA, has been completed, and four sapphire test masses have been installed in cryostat vacuum chambers. Recently, it was observed that a sapphire substrate used for one of the input test masses showed a characteristic structure in its transmission map due to nonuniformity of the crystal. We performed an interferometer simulation to observe the influence of the nonuniformity using measured transmission/reflection maps. Shot noise increased by 7% at low frequencies and by 16% at high frequencies. Laser frequency noise coupling increased by 1 order of magnitude. We also found deformation of an alignment control signal and higher tilt coupling in the output optics.

Keywords: gravitational wave; wave telescope; sapphire; influence nonuniformity; nonuniformity

Journal Title: Physical Review D
Year Published: 2019

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