LAUSR

Owing to the traffic pattern of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), cluster heads (CHs) around the sink node have larger relaying loads and consume their energy more quickly. This paper first analyzes the corona model. Based on analysis results, we find that nearly balanced energy consumption of WSNs can be achieved with the additional help of arranging different initial conditions. We then propose the energy-balanced node deployment with a balanced energy (END-BE) algorithm and END with a maximum life-time (END-MLT) scheme, which determine the cluster density for each corona according to the energy consumption of each CH. Simulation results show that the energy consumption is nearly balanced by implementing END-BE, and the network lifetime is greatly improved by adopting END-MLT.