The precise extraction of the $I-V$ curve of photovoltaic (PV) cells is necessary for designing an efficient PV system. To achieve this, this article examines different models to investigate the… Click to show full abstract
The precise extraction of the $I-V$ curve of photovoltaic (PV) cells is necessary for designing an efficient PV system. To achieve this, this article examines different models to investigate the best fit for the $I$ –$V$ curve of a PV solar module. Those models are based on using different sets of equations and assumptions. New PV single-diode models are then proposed which consist of the Lambert W-function, iterative loop, and approximate equations. Furthermore, a substitution method is proposed to reduce the complexity that emerges when using the Newtown–Raphson method to solve a set of nonlinear equations. Those processes allow solving the complex nonlinear PV model in a simple way, thus making the proposed model fast, straightforward, and easy solution.
