LAUSR

This article presents a nanowatt CMOS voltage reference using self-biased and capacitively coupled schemes for improving the power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) and settling time without power-intensive auxiliary amplifiers and bias circuits. The chip was fabricated in a 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process. With the proposed schemes, the design can achieve a 1% settling time of 0.2 ms and a −73.5-dB PSRR at 100 Hz while only consuming 1.8 nW. The average temperature coefficient of 15 chips is 62 ppm/°C in a temperature range from −40 °C to 130 °C. The average voltage at 20 °C is 0.26 V, while the standard deviation is 1.1 mV and $3~\sigma $ accuracy is 0.43%.