LAUSR

The non-synchronous measurement (NSM) technology has been significantly developed. NSM at the coprime position (CP-NSM) is a measurement principle in two-dimensional (2D) acoustic imaging, wherein a planar array is moved to a coprime position for measurements. However, there are certain drawbacks to the measurement principles of spherical arrays in three-dimensional (3D) acoustic imaging. A measurement principle of 3D acoustic imaging has been investigated using 3D Non-Synchronous Measurements with a Central Reference based on Revolution and Autorotation (CR-NSM). The primary contributions of this CR-NSM are as follows: (1) A measurement principle for 3D non-synchronous measurements with a central reference based on revolution and autorotation is proposed. (2) The spatial resolution is primarily determined by the revolution in CR-NSM, and the side lobe is reduced by autorotation in CR-NSM. In the simulation results, the spatial resolution is obtained using CR-NSM for good imaging at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Moreover, the cross-spectral matrix (CSM) completion error is enhanced by adding the phase relations between consecutive positions. The CR-NSM algorithm was developed according to the measurement principles of 3D acoustic imaging.