LAUSR

In this article, we present a distributed robust adaptive gradient controller for distance-based formation systems with exogenous disturbances. Based on the proposed controller, we consider two undirected formation topologies: Minimally infinitesimally rigid formation and nonminimally infinitesimally rigid formation. For both formation systems, we show that the distributed robust adaptive gradient controller guarantees a local stability of formation systems with exogenous disturbances. Furthermore, an upper-boundedness set of squared-distance error is obtained based on Lyapunov stability analysis for minimally infinitesimally rigid formation systems. We verify the validity of the theoretical results through numerical simulations.