LAUSR

This article investigates a distributed adaptive dual control that employs both consensus algorithm and improved equal incremental principle (IEIP), to guarantee the security operation while reducing the energy consumption of the energy Internet (EI). Since the security operation is a critical factor of the EI with the energy hub (EH), it is necessary for the EI to adjust the outputs of EHs and the system parameters, which have a great influence on the performance. The consensus-based control of the EI can resolve the energy-coupling issue and accurately share the electricity and heat loads power without requiring the information of the network parameters, which is hard to know. Meanwhile, the variations of system parameters caused by the droop action greatly impact the security operation of the EI. It can be adaptively recovered by executing the proposed control strategy. Furthermore, in order to reduce the energy consumption, the equipment in hubs should also be managed in view of the features of EH. The minimal loss of the energy can be achieved by utilizing the control of devices via the IEIP by considering the coupling characteristics of devices. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated through numerical case studies.