LAUSR

This paper mainly focuses on operational reliability studies of modern power systems taking into consideration the effects of energy storage systems (ESSs). The aim is to develop a new evaluation tool to assess the effects of different factors such as penetration rate, operational strategies, and capacities of the ESSs in determining the role of these systems as a source of operating reserve. In this regard, at first, some modifications are made to the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland (PJM) method aimed to precisely model the short-term variability in output generation of wind farms in reliability studies. Then, this algorithm is employed to examine the effects of ESSs operating strategies in operational reliability level of the system. Finally, a new formulation for ESSs scheduling problem is proposed to optimally gain the benefits of ESSs in improving the mid-term reliability level of the system. The usefulness of the proposed framework is illustrated using different case studies.